Évaluation de l’ELISA direct en sandwich à base d’anticorps monoclonaux (MSD-ELISA) pour la détection d’antigène du virus de la fièvre aphteuse à l’aide d’échantillons cliniques.

A direct sandwich ELISA (MSD-ELISA) method based on monoclonal antibodies has previously been developed for the detection of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) viral antigen. Here, we assessed the sensitivity and specificity of two foot-and-mouth disease viral antigen detection MSD-ELISAs and compared them with the conventional indirect sandwich (IS) -ELISA. MSD-ELISA were able to detect antigen in saliva samples from experimentally infected pigs over a longer term compared to IS-ELISA. We also used 178 RT-PCR positive field samples from cattle and pigs affected by the foot-and-mouth disease type O epidemic in 2010 in Japan, and we found that the sensitivities of the two MSD-ELISAs were approximately 7 times higher than those of the IS-ELISA. against each sample (P <0.01).

In terms of on-farm positive FMD detection rate, the sensitivities of MSD-ELISA were approximately 6 times higher than those of IS-ELISA against each farm (P <0.01). Although it is necessary to conduct an additional validation study using the other virus strains, MSD-ELISA could be a suitable method to replace IS-ELISA for the detection of FMD antigen. IS-ELISA against each farm (P <0.01). Although it is necessary to conduct an additional validation study using the other virus strains, MSD-ELISA could be a suitable method to replace IS-ELISA for the detection of FMD antigen. IS-ELISA against each farm (P <0.01). Although it is necessary to conduct an additional validation study using the other virus strains, MSD-ELISA could be a suitable method to replace IS-ELISA for the detection of FMD antigen.

Prevention of MSDs in OHSMS / IMS: A Systematic Review of Risk Assessment Strategies.

The aim of this systematic review was to identify and summarize research evidence on the prevention of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) within occupational health and safety management systems (OHSMS) and management systems. integrated management (IMS). Business, management, engineering, and health and safety databases were systematically searched and relevant publications were synthesized. The number of articles that could answer the research questions was limited.

However, the review found that many of the techniques for tackling the risks of MSDs require basic knowledge and substantial training. This can limit employee involvement in the technical aspects of the risk assessment process. Furthermore, these techniques did not generally correspond to the techniques used by companies to address other risk factors in their management systems. This could make MSD prevention a separate issue that cannot be managed with enterprise-wide tools. In addition, this review also suggests that there is a lack of research regarding the prevention of MSDs within business management systems.

Comparison of concepts in easy to use methods for MSD risk assessment.

This article presents a comparative analysis of easy-to-use methods to assess musculoskeletal load and the risk of developing musculoskeletal disorders. In all of these methods, the evaluation of the load consists of defining the input data, the procedure and the evaluation system. This article shows which evaluation steps the methods have in common; it also shows how these methods differ at each step. In addition, the methods are grouped according to their characteristics. The conclusion is that the concepts of risk assessment in different methods can be used to develop solutions leading to a comprehensive method suitable for all work tasks and all parts of the body. However,

Incidence of MSDs and Neck and Back Pain Among Forest Machine Operators in the Southern United States

There is little data on the incidence and prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) among loggers in the southern United States, despite the risk factors associated with these occupations. The risk factors are both personal (age, body mass index, etc.) and work-related (uncomfortable postures, repetitive movements of the hands and feet, vibrations, etc.). A survey was conducted to estimate the incidence of self-reported pain and diagnosed MSDs and to investigate the relationship with known risk factors. The respondents were loggers who were taking training and continuing education courses.

Respondents were asked to identify personal attributes, use of machines, uncomfortable postures, repetitive movements and recent incidence of pain and medical diagnoses. All were men with a mean age of 44 (range 19-67) and a mean body mass index of 31.3.

TruStrip RDT Cow/Bovine Transferrin (colostrum) Rapid Test cards, 25/pk
8070-RDT-25	Alpha Diagnostics	1 Pk	EUR 293

Goat IgG
31-AG15	Fitzgerald	1 gram	EUR 570
Description: Purified Goat IgG

Goat IgM
31C-CH0513	Fitzgerald	1 mg	EUR 377
Description: Purified Goat IgM

Goat IgG
31R-1051	Fitzgerald	10 mg	EUR 136
Description: Purified Goat IgG

Goat IgG
M1102-100	Biovision		EUR 153

Goat IgG
M1102-1000	Biovision		EUR 370

Goat Serum
abx098258-500ml	Abbexa	500 ml	EUR 370

Goat Serum
abx098259-500ml	Abbexa	500 ml	EUR 370

Goat HSV
EGTH0317	Abclonal	96Tests	EUR 521

Goat HSV
EGTH0318	Abclonal	96Tests	EUR 521

Goat(bDF2)
QY-E140037	Qayee Biotechnology	96T	EUR 413

Goat(VEGF)
QY-E140039	Qayee Biotechnology	96T	EUR 413

Goat IgG ELISA Kit (Goat) : 96 Wells (OKCA00272)
OKCA00272	Aviva Systems Biology	96 Wells	EUR 591
Description: Description of target: ;Species reactivity: Goat;Application: ;Assay info: Assay Methodology: Quantitative Competitive Immunoassay;Sensitivity: < 0.15 ug/mL

Normal Goat Serum
88-B9999G000-S0	Fitzgerald	10 ml	EUR 133
Description: Control Normal Goat serum

Normal Goat Serum
88-NG22	Fitzgerald	500 ml	EUR 30
Description: Control Normal Goat Serum

Normal Goat Serum
88-NG22S	Fitzgerald	500 ml	EUR 191
Description: Control Normal Goat Serum

Normal Goat Serum
88R-1006	Fitzgerald	10 ml	EUR 182
Description: Normal Goat Serum which has been lipid extracted and dialyzed against 10 mM Sodium Phosphate, 0.15 M Sodium Chloride, pH 7.2

Normal Goat Serum
88R-NG001	Fitzgerald	50 ml	EUR 117
Description: Normal Goat Serum for use as a control or blocking reagent

Goat Serum Albumin
30R-3305	Fitzgerald	10 mg	EUR 257
Description: Purified native Goat Serum Albumin

Goat RBC antibody
20R-RR017	Fitzgerald	20 mg	EUR 327
Description: Rabbit polyclonal Goat RBC antibody

Goat RBC antibody
20R-RR018	Fitzgerald	5 mg	EUR 554
Description: Rabbit polyclonal Goat RBC antibody

Goat IgG (FITC)
65C-CH0502	Fitzgerald	1 mg	EUR 166
Description: Purified Goat IgG FITC conjugate

Goat IgG (HRP)
65C-CH0503	Fitzgerald	1 mg	EUR 226
Description: Purified Goat IgG HRP conjugate

Goat IgG (Fc)
31C-CH0504	Fitzgerald	2 mg	EUR 433
Description: Purified Goat IgG (Fc)

Goat Ig fraction
31R-1008	Fitzgerald	10 mg	EUR 114
Description: Goat Ig fraction control or blocking reagent

Goat Ig fraction
31R-1032	Fitzgerald	10 mg	EUR 136
Description: Purified Goat Ig fraction for use as a control or blocking reagent

Goat IgG protein
31R-1063	Fitzgerald	10 mg	EUR 187
Description: Purified native Goat IgG protein

Goat IgM protein
31R-1069	Fitzgerald	1 mg	EUR 327
Description: Purified native Goat IgM protein

Goat IgG Fab
31R-1075	Fitzgerald	1 mg	EUR 457
Description: Purified native IgG Fab protein (Goat)

Goat IgG Fc
31R-1076	Fitzgerald	1 mg	EUR 381
Description: Purified native IgG Fc protein (Goat)

Goat IgG control
31R-AG001	Fitzgerald	1 mg	EUR 127
Description: Goat Immunoglobulins Goat IgG control

Goat Serum antibody
20-S1121G000-V0	Fitzgerald	10 ml	EUR 133
Description: Guinea pig polyclonal Goat Serum antibody

Goat Serum antibody
20-S1121GN00-D0	Fitzgerald	10 ml	EUR 133
Description: Guinea pig polyclonal Goat Serum antibody

Goat human IgA
PAab09895	Lifescience Market	100 ug	EUR 386

Goat human IgG
PAab09896	Lifescience Market	100 ug	EUR 386

Goat human IgM
PAab09908	Lifescience Market	100 ug	EUR 386

Normal Goat Serum
9067	Chondrex	50 ml	EUR 100.75
Description: Normal Goat Serum

Goat Serum (Sterile)
20-abx800034	Abbexa	EUR 606.00 EUR 773.00 EUR 439.00	100 ml 500 ml 50 ml

Goat Serum (Sterile)
abx800034-1L	Abbexa	1 L	EUR 926

Goat Mouse IgG
A21010-01ml	Abbkine	0.1ml	EUR 77
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of Goat IgG from Mouse. This Goat IgG antibody is for WB, IHC-P, ELISA. It is Affinity purified using solid phase Mouse IgG (H&L) with finally > 95% purity based on SDS-PAGE and conjugated to HRP. The antibody is produced in goat by using as an immunogen Mouse IgG whole molecule

Goat Mouse IgG
A21010-05ml	Abbkine	0.5ml	EUR 158
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of Goat IgG from Mouse. This Goat IgG antibody is for WB, IHC-P, ELISA. It is Affinity purified using solid phase Mouse IgG (H&L) with finally > 95% purity based on SDS-PAGE and conjugated to HRP. The antibody is produced in goat by using as an immunogen Mouse IgG whole molecule

Goat Rabbit IgG
A21020-01ml	Abbkine	0.1ml	EUR 77
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of Goat IgG from Rabbit. This Goat IgG antibody is for WB, IHC-P, ELISA. It is Affinity purified using solid phase Rabbit IgG (H&L) with finally > 95% purity based on SDS-PAGE and conjugated to HRP. The antibody is produced in goat by using as an immunogen Rabbit IgG whole molecule

Goat Rabbit IgG
A21020-05ml	Abbkine	0.5ml	EUR 158
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of Goat IgG from Rabbit. This Goat IgG antibody is for WB, IHC-P, ELISA. It is Affinity purified using solid phase Rabbit IgG (H&L) with finally > 95% purity based on SDS-PAGE and conjugated to HRP. The antibody is produced in goat by using as an immunogen Rabbit IgG whole molecule

Rabbit Goat IgG
A21030-01ml	Abbkine	0.1ml	EUR 77
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of Goat IgG from Goat. This Goat IgG antibody is for WB, IHC-P, ELISA. It is Affinity purified using solid phase Goat IgG (H&L) with finally > 95% purity based on SDS-PAGE and conjugated to HRP. The antibody is produced in rabbit by using as an immunogen Goat IgG whole molecule

Rabbit Goat IgG
A21030-05ml	Abbkine	0.5ml	EUR 158
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of Goat IgG from Goat. This Goat IgG antibody is for WB, IHC-P, ELISA. It is Affinity purified using solid phase Goat IgG (H&L) with finally > 95% purity based on SDS-PAGE and conjugated to HRP. The antibody is produced in rabbit by using as an immunogen Goat IgG whole molecule

Goat Rat IgG
A21040-01ml	Abbkine	0.1ml	EUR 77
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of Goat Rat IgG from Rat. This Goat Rat IgG antibody is for WB, IHC-P, ELISA. It is Affinity purified using solid phase Rat IgG (H&L) with finally > 95% purity based on SDS-PAGE and conjugated to HRP. The antibody is produced in goat by using as an immunogen Rat IgG whole molecule

Goat Rat IgG
A21040-05ml	Abbkine	0.5ml	EUR 158
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of Goat Rat IgG from Rat. This Goat Rat IgG antibody is for WB, IHC-P, ELISA. It is Affinity purified using solid phase Rat IgG (H&L) with finally > 95% purity based on SDS-PAGE and conjugated to HRP. The antibody is produced in goat by using as an immunogen Rat IgG whole molecule

Goat Human IgG
A21050-01ml	Abbkine	0.1ml	EUR 77
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of Goat Human IgG from Human. This Goat Human IgG antibody is for WB, IHC-P, ELISA. It is Affinity purified using solid phase Human IgG (H&L) with finally > 95% purity based on SDS-PAGE and conjugated to HRP. The antibody is produced in goat by using as an immunogen Human IgG whole molecule

Goat Human IgG
A21050-05ml	Abbkine	0.5ml	EUR 158
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of Goat Human IgG from Human. This Goat Human IgG antibody is for WB, IHC-P, ELISA. It is Affinity purified using solid phase Human IgG (H&L) with finally > 95% purity based on SDS-PAGE and conjugated to HRP. The antibody is produced in goat by using as an immunogen Human IgG whole molecule

Goat Chicken IgG
A21080-01ml	Abbkine	0.1ml	EUR 77
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of Goat Chicken IgG from Chicken. This Goat Chicken IgG antibody is for WB, IHC-P, ELISA. It is Affinity purified using solid phase Chicken IgG/Y (H&L) with finally > 95% purity based on SDS-PAGE and conjugated to HRP. The antibody is produced in goat by using as an immunogen Chick IgY/IgG whole molecule

Goat Chicken IgG
A21080-05ml	Abbkine	0.5ml	EUR 158
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of Goat Chicken IgG from Chicken. This Goat Chicken IgG antibody is for WB, IHC-P, ELISA. It is Affinity purified using solid phase Chicken IgG/Y (H&L) with finally > 95% purity based on SDS-PAGE and conjugated to HRP. The antibody is produced in goat by using as an immunogen Chick IgY/IgG whole molecule

Goat Swine IgG
A21090-01ml	Abbkine	0.1ml	EUR 77
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of Goat Swine IgG from Swine. This Goat Swine IgG antibody is for WB, IHC-P, ELISA. It is Affinity purified using solid phase Swine IgG (H&L) with finally > 95% purity based on SDS-PAGE and conjugated to HRP. The antibody is produced in goat by using as an immunogen Swine IgG whole molecule

Goat Swine IgG
A21090-05ml	Abbkine	0.5ml	EUR 158
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of Goat Swine IgG from Swine. This Goat Swine IgG antibody is for WB, IHC-P, ELISA. It is Affinity purified using solid phase Swine IgG (H&L) with finally > 95% purity based on SDS-PAGE and conjugated to HRP. The antibody is produced in goat by using as an immunogen Swine IgG whole molecule

Goat Mouse IgG
A21110-01ml	Abbkine	0.1ml	EUR 93
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of Goat IgG from Mouse. This Goat IgG antibody is for WB, IHC-P, ELISA. It is Affinity purified using solid phase Mouse IgG (H&L) with finally > 95% purity based on SDS-PAGE and conjugated to AP. The antibody is produced in goat by using as an immunogen Mouse IgG whole molecule

Goat Mouse IgG
A21110-05ml	Abbkine	0.5ml	EUR 224
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of Goat IgG from Mouse. This Goat IgG antibody is for WB, IHC-P, ELISA. It is Affinity purified using solid phase Mouse IgG (H&L) with finally > 95% purity based on SDS-PAGE and conjugated to AP. The antibody is produced in goat by using as an immunogen Mouse IgG whole molecule

Goat Rabbit IgG
A21120-01ml	Abbkine	0.1ml	EUR 93
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of Goat IgG from Rabbit. This Goat IgG antibody is for WB, IHC-P, ELISA. It is Affinity purified using solid phase Rabbit IgG (H&L) with finally > 95% purity based on SDS-PAGE and conjugated to AP. The antibody is produced in goat by using as an immunogen Rabbit IgG whole molecule

Goat Rabbit IgG
A21120-05ml	Abbkine	0.5ml	EUR 224
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of Goat IgG from Rabbit. This Goat IgG antibody is for WB, IHC-P, ELISA. It is Affinity purified using solid phase Rabbit IgG (H&L) with finally > 95% purity based on SDS-PAGE and conjugated to AP. The antibody is produced in goat by using as an immunogen Rabbit IgG whole molecule

Goat Mouse IgG
A21210-01ml	Abbkine	0.1ml	EUR 77
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of Goat IgG from Mouse. This Goat IgG antibody is for WB, IHC-P, ELISA. It is Affinity purified using solid phase Mouse IgG (H&L) with finally > 95% purity based on SDS-PAGE and conjugated to Biotin. The antibody is produced in goat by using as an immunogen Mouse IgG whole molecule

Goat Mouse IgG
A21210-05ml	Abbkine	0.5ml	EUR 158
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of Goat IgG from Mouse. This Goat IgG antibody is for WB, IHC-P, ELISA. It is Affinity purified using solid phase Mouse IgG (H&L) with finally > 95% purity based on SDS-PAGE and conjugated to Biotin. The antibody is produced in goat by using as an immunogen Mouse IgG whole molecule

Goat Rabbit IgG
A21220-01ml	Abbkine	0.1ml	EUR 77
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of Goat IgG from Rabbit. This Goat IgG antibody is for WB, IHC-P, ELISA. It is Affinity purified using solid phase Rabbit IgG (H&L) with finally > 95% purity based on SDS-PAGE and conjugated to Biotin. The antibody is produced in goat by using as an immunogen Rabbit IgG whole molecule

Goat Rabbit IgG
A21220-05ml	Abbkine	0.5ml	EUR 158
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of Goat IgG from Rabbit. This Goat IgG antibody is for WB, IHC-P, ELISA. It is Affinity purified using solid phase Rabbit IgG (H&L) with finally > 95% purity based on SDS-PAGE and conjugated to Biotin. The antibody is produced in goat by using as an immunogen Rabbit IgG whole molecule

Goat Mouse IgG
A22110-01ml	Abbkine	0.1ml	EUR 77
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of Goat IgG from Mouse. This Goat IgG antibody is for IF, ICC, FCM. It is Affinity purified using solid phase Mouse IgG (H&L) with finally > 95% purity based on SDS-PAGE and conjugated to FITC. The antibody is produced in goat by using as an immunogen Mouse IgG whole molecule

Goat Mouse IgG
A22110-05ml	Abbkine	0.5ml	EUR 158
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of Goat IgG from Mouse. This Goat IgG antibody is for IF, ICC, FCM. It is Affinity purified using solid phase Mouse IgG (H&L) with finally > 95% purity based on SDS-PAGE and conjugated to FITC. The antibody is produced in goat by using as an immunogen Mouse IgG whole molecule

Goat Rabbit IgG
A22120-01ml	Abbkine	0.1ml	EUR 77
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of Goat IgG from Rabbit. This Goat IgG antibody is for IF, ICC, FCM. It is Affinity purified using solid phase Rabbit IgG (H&L) with finally > 95% purity based on SDS-PAGE and conjugated to FITC. The antibody is produced in goat by using as an immunogen Rabbit IgG whole molecule

Goat Rabbit IgG
A22120-05ml	Abbkine	0.5ml	EUR 158
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of Goat IgG from Rabbit. This Goat IgG antibody is for IF, ICC, FCM. It is Affinity purified using solid phase Rabbit IgG (H&L) with finally > 95% purity based on SDS-PAGE and conjugated to FITC. The antibody is produced in goat by using as an immunogen Rabbit IgG whole molecule

Goat Mouse IgG
A22210-01ml	Abbkine	0.1ml	EUR 77
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of Goat IgG from Mouse. This Goat IgG antibody is for IF, ICC, FCM. It is Affinity purified using solid phase Mouse IgG (H&L) with finally > 95% purity based on SDS-PAGE and conjugated to Cy3. The antibody is produced in goat by using as an immunogen Mouse IgG whole molecule

Goat Mouse IgG
A22210-05ml	Abbkine	0.5ml	EUR 158
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of Goat IgG from Mouse. This Goat IgG antibody is for IF, ICC, FCM. It is Affinity purified using solid phase Mouse IgG (H&L) with finally > 95% purity based on SDS-PAGE and conjugated to Cy3. The antibody is produced in goat by using as an immunogen Mouse IgG whole molecule

Goat Rabbit IgG
A22220-01ml	Abbkine	0.1ml	EUR 77
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of Goat IgG from Rabbit. This Goat IgG antibody is for IF, ICC, FCM. It is Affinity purified using solid phase Rabbit IgG (H&L) with finally > 95% purity based on SDS-PAGE and conjugated to Cy3. The antibody is produced in goat by using as an immunogen Rabbit IgG whole molecule

Goat Rabbit IgG
A22220-05ml	Abbkine	0.5ml	EUR 158
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of Goat IgG from Rabbit. This Goat IgG antibody is for IF, ICC, FCM. It is Affinity purified using solid phase Rabbit IgG (H&L) with finally > 95% purity based on SDS-PAGE and conjugated to Cy3. The antibody is produced in goat by using as an immunogen Rabbit IgG whole molecule

Goat Mouse IgG
A23010-01ml	Abbkine	0.1ml	EUR 93
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of Goat IgG from Mouse. This Goat IgG antibody is for IF, ICC, FCM. It is Affinity purified using solid phase Mouse IgG (H&L) with finally > 95% purity based on SDS-PAGE and conjugated to Dylight 350. The antibody is produced in goat by using as an immunogen Mouse IgG whole molecule

Goat Mouse IgG
A23010-05ml	Abbkine	0.5ml	EUR 224
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of Goat IgG from Mouse. This Goat IgG antibody is for IF, ICC, FCM. It is Affinity purified using solid phase Mouse IgG (H&L) with finally > 95% purity based on SDS-PAGE and conjugated to Dylight 350. The antibody is produced in goat by using as an immunogen Mouse IgG whole molecule

Goat Rabbit IgG
A23020-01ml	Abbkine	0.1ml	EUR 93
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of Goat IgG from Rabbit. This Goat IgG antibody is for IF, ICC, FCM. It is Affinity purified using solid phase Rabbit IgG (H&L) with finally > 95% purity based on SDS-PAGE and conjugated to Dylight 350. The antibody is produced in goat by using as an immunogen Rabbit IgG whole molecule

Goat Rabbit IgG
A23020-05ml	Abbkine	0.5ml	EUR 224
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of Goat IgG from Rabbit. This Goat IgG antibody is for IF, ICC, FCM. It is Affinity purified using solid phase Rabbit IgG (H&L) with finally > 95% purity based on SDS-PAGE and conjugated to Dylight 350. The antibody is produced in goat by using as an immunogen Rabbit IgG whole molecule

Goat Mouse IgG
A23110-01ml	Abbkine	0.1ml	EUR 93
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of Goat IgG from Mouse. This Goat IgG antibody is for IF, ICC, FCM. It is Affinity purified using solid phase Mouse IgG (H&L) with finally > 95% purity based on SDS-PAGE and conjugated to Dylight 405. The antibody is produced in goat by using as an immunogen Mouse IgG whole molecule

Goat Mouse IgG
A23110-05ml	Abbkine	0.5ml	EUR 224
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of Goat IgG from Mouse. This Goat IgG antibody is for IF, ICC, FCM. It is Affinity purified using solid phase Mouse IgG (H&L) with finally > 95% purity based on SDS-PAGE and conjugated to Dylight 405. The antibody is produced in goat by using as an immunogen Mouse IgG whole molecule

Goat Rabbit IgG
A23120-01ml	Abbkine	0.1ml	EUR 93
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of Goat IgG from Rabbit. This Goat IgG antibody is for IF, ICC, FCM. It is Affinity purified using solid phase Rabbit IgG (H&L) with finally > 95% purity based on SDS-PAGE and conjugated to Dylight 405. The antibody is produced in goat by using as an immunogen Rabbit IgG whole molecule

Goat Rabbit IgG
A23120-05ml	Abbkine	0.5ml	EUR 224
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of Goat IgG from Rabbit. This Goat IgG antibody is for IF, ICC, FCM. It is Affinity purified using solid phase Rabbit IgG (H&L) with finally > 95% purity based on SDS-PAGE and conjugated to Dylight 405. The antibody is produced in goat by using as an immunogen Rabbit IgG whole molecule

Rabbit Goat IgG
A23130-01ml	Abbkine	0.1ml	EUR 93
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of Goat IgG from Goat. This Goat IgG antibody is for IF, ICC, FCM. It is Affinity purified using solid phase Goat IgG (H&L) with finally > 95% purity based on SDS-PAGE and conjugated to Dylight 405. The antibody is produced in rabbit by using as an immunogen Goat IgG whole molecule

Rabbit Goat IgG
A23130-05ml	Abbkine	0.5ml	EUR 224
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of Goat IgG from Goat. This Goat IgG antibody is for IF, ICC, FCM. It is Affinity purified using solid phase Goat IgG (H&L) with finally > 95% purity based on SDS-PAGE and conjugated to Dylight 405. The antibody is produced in rabbit by using as an immunogen Goat IgG whole molecule

Goat Mouse IgG
A23210-01ml	Abbkine	0.1ml	EUR 93
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of Goat IgG from Mouse. This Goat IgG antibody is for IF, ICC, FCM. It is Affinity purified using solid phase Mouse IgG (H&L) with finally > 95% purity based on SDS-PAGE and conjugated to Dylight 488. The antibody is produced in goat by using as an immunogen Mouse IgG whole molecule

Goat Mouse IgG
A23210-05ml	Abbkine	0.5ml	EUR 224
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of Goat IgG from Mouse. This Goat IgG antibody is for IF, ICC, FCM. It is Affinity purified using solid phase Mouse IgG (H&L) with finally > 95% purity based on SDS-PAGE and conjugated to Dylight 488. The antibody is produced in goat by using as an immunogen Mouse IgG whole molecule

Goat Rabbit IgG
A23220-01ml	Abbkine	0.1ml	EUR 93
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of Goat IgG from Rabbit. This Goat IgG antibody is for IF, ICC, FCM. It is Affinity purified using solid phase Rabbit IgG (H&L) with finally > 95% purity based on SDS-PAGE and conjugated to Dylight 488. The antibody is produced in goat by using as an immunogen Rabbit IgG whole molecule

Goat Rabbit IgG
A23220-05ml	Abbkine	0.5ml	EUR 224
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of Goat IgG from Rabbit. This Goat IgG antibody is for IF, ICC, FCM. It is Affinity purified using solid phase Rabbit IgG (H&L) with finally > 95% purity based on SDS-PAGE and conjugated to Dylight 488. The antibody is produced in goat by using as an immunogen Rabbit IgG whole molecule

Rabbit Goat IgG
A23230-01ml	Abbkine	0.1ml	EUR 93
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of Goat IgG from Goat. This Goat IgG antibody is for IF, ICC, FCM. It is Affinity purified using solid phase Goat IgG (H&L) with finally > 95% purity based on SDS-PAGE and conjugated to Dylight 488. The antibody is produced in rabbit by using as an immunogen Goat IgG whole molecule

Rabbit Goat IgG
A23230-05ml	Abbkine	0.5ml	EUR 224
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of Goat IgG from Goat. This Goat IgG antibody is for IF, ICC, FCM. It is Affinity purified using solid phase Goat IgG (H&L) with finally > 95% purity based on SDS-PAGE and conjugated to Dylight 488. The antibody is produced in rabbit by using as an immunogen Goat IgG whole molecule

Goat Rat IgG
A23240-01ml	Abbkine	0.1ml	EUR 93
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of Goat Rat IgG from Rat. This Goat Rat IgG antibody is for IF, ICC, FCM. It is Affinity purified using solid phase Rat IgG (H&L) with finally > 95% purity based on SDS-PAGE and conjugated to Dylight 488. The antibody is produced in goat by using as an immunogen Rat IgG whole molecule

Goat Rat IgG
A23240-05ml	Abbkine	0.5ml	EUR 224
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of Goat Rat IgG from Rat. This Goat Rat IgG antibody is for IF, ICC, FCM. It is Affinity purified using solid phase Rat IgG (H&L) with finally > 95% purity based on SDS-PAGE and conjugated to Dylight 488. The antibody is produced in goat by using as an immunogen Rat IgG whole molecule

Goat Mouse IgG
A23310-01ml	Abbkine	0.1ml	EUR 93
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of Goat IgG from Mouse. This Goat IgG antibody is for IF, ICC, FCM. It is Affinity purified using solid phase Mouse IgG (H&L) with finally > 95% purity based on SDS-PAGE and conjugated to Dylight 549. The antibody is produced in goat by using as an immunogen Mouse IgG whole molecule

Goat Mouse IgG
A23310-05ml	Abbkine	0.5ml	EUR 224
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of Goat IgG from Mouse. This Goat IgG antibody is for IF, ICC, FCM. It is Affinity purified using solid phase Mouse IgG (H&L) with finally > 95% purity based on SDS-PAGE and conjugated to Dylight 549. The antibody is produced in goat by using as an immunogen Mouse IgG whole molecule

Goat Rabbit IgG
A23320-01ml	Abbkine	0.1ml	EUR 93
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of Goat IgG from Rabbit. This Goat IgG antibody is for IF, ICC, FCM. It is Affinity purified using solid phase Rabbit IgG (H&L) with finally > 95% purity based on SDS-PAGE and conjugated to Dylight 549. The antibody is produced in goat by using as an immunogen Rabbit IgG whole molecule

Goat Rabbit IgG
A23320-05ml	Abbkine	0.5ml	EUR 224
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of Goat IgG from Rabbit. This Goat IgG antibody is for IF, ICC, FCM. It is Affinity purified using solid phase Rabbit IgG (H&L) with finally > 95% purity based on SDS-PAGE and conjugated to Dylight 549. The antibody is produced in goat by using as an immunogen Rabbit IgG whole molecule

Rabbit Goat IgG
A23330-01ml	Abbkine	0.1ml	EUR 93
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of Goat IgG from Goat. This Goat IgG antibody is for IF, ICC, FCM. It is Affinity purified using solid phase Goat IgG (H&L) with finally > 95% purity based on SDS-PAGE and conjugated to Dylight 549. The antibody is produced in rabbit by using as an immunogen Goat IgG whole molecule

Rabbit Goat IgG
A23330-05ml	Abbkine	0.5ml	EUR 224
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of Goat IgG from Goat. This Goat IgG antibody is for IF, ICC, FCM. It is Affinity purified using solid phase Goat IgG (H&L) with finally > 95% purity based on SDS-PAGE and conjugated to Dylight 549. The antibody is produced in rabbit by using as an immunogen Goat IgG whole molecule

Goat Rat IgG
A23340-01ml	Abbkine	0.1ml	EUR 93
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of Goat Rat IgG from Rat. This Goat Rat IgG antibody is for IF, ICC, FCM. It is Affinity purified using solid phase Rat IgG (H&L) with finally > 95% purity based on SDS-PAGE and conjugated to Dylight 549. The antibody is produced in goat by using as an immunogen Rat IgG whole molecule

Goat Rat IgG
A23340-05ml	Abbkine	0.5ml	EUR 224
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of Goat Rat IgG from Rat. This Goat Rat IgG antibody is for IF, ICC, FCM. It is Affinity purified using solid phase Rat IgG (H&L) with finally > 95% purity based on SDS-PAGE and conjugated to Dylight 549. The antibody is produced in goat by using as an immunogen Rat IgG whole molecule

Goat Mouse IgG
A23410-01ml	Abbkine	0.1ml	EUR 93
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of Goat IgG from Mouse. This Goat IgG antibody is for IF, ICC, FCM. It is Affinity purified using solid phase Mouse IgG (H&L) with finally > 95% purity based on SDS-PAGE and conjugated to Dylight 594. The antibody is produced in goat by using as an immunogen Mouse IgG whole molecule

Goat Mouse IgG
A23410-05ml	Abbkine	0.5ml	EUR 224
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of Goat IgG from Mouse. This Goat IgG antibody is for IF, ICC, FCM. It is Affinity purified using solid phase Mouse IgG (H&L) with finally > 95% purity based on SDS-PAGE and conjugated to Dylight 594. The antibody is produced in goat by using as an immunogen Mouse IgG whole molecule

Goat Rabbit IgG
A23420-01ml	Abbkine	0.1ml	EUR 93
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of Goat IgG from Rabbit. This Goat IgG antibody is for IF, ICC, FCM. It is Affinity purified using solid phase Rabbit IgG (H&L) with finally > 95% purity based on SDS-PAGE and conjugated to Dylight 594. The antibody is produced in goat by using as an immunogen Rabbit IgG whole molecule

Goat Rabbit IgG
A23420-05ml	Abbkine	0.5ml	EUR 224
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of Goat IgG from Rabbit. This Goat IgG antibody is for IF, ICC, FCM. It is Affinity purified using solid phase Rabbit IgG (H&L) with finally > 95% purity based on SDS-PAGE and conjugated to Dylight 594. The antibody is produced in goat by using as an immunogen Rabbit IgG whole molecule

Rabbit Goat IgG
A23430-01ml	Abbkine	0.1ml	EUR 93
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of Goat IgG from Goat. This Goat IgG antibody is for IF, ICC, FCM. It is Affinity purified using solid phase Goat IgG (H&L) with finally > 95% purity based on SDS-PAGE and conjugated to Dylight 594. The antibody is produced in rabbit by using as an immunogen Goat IgG whole molecule

Rabbit Goat IgG
A23430-05ml	Abbkine	0.5ml	EUR 224
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of Goat IgG from Goat. This Goat IgG antibody is for IF, ICC, FCM. It is Affinity purified using solid phase Goat IgG (H&L) with finally > 95% purity based on SDS-PAGE and conjugated to Dylight 594. The antibody is produced in rabbit by using as an immunogen Goat IgG whole molecule

Goat Rat IgG
A23440-01ml	Abbkine	0.1ml	EUR 93
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of Goat Rat IgG from Rat. This Goat Rat IgG antibody is for IF, ICC, FCM. It is Affinity purified using solid phase Rat IgG (H&L) with finally > 95% purity based on SDS-PAGE and conjugated to Dylight 594. The antibody is produced in goat by using as an immunogen Rat IgG whole molecule

Goat Rat IgG
A23440-05ml	Abbkine	0.5ml	EUR 224
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of Goat Rat IgG from Rat. This Goat Rat IgG antibody is for IF, ICC, FCM. It is Affinity purified using solid phase Rat IgG (H&L) with finally > 95% purity based on SDS-PAGE and conjugated to Dylight 594. The antibody is produced in goat by using as an immunogen Rat IgG whole molecule

Goat Mouse IgG
A23610-01ml	Abbkine	0.1ml	EUR 93
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of Goat IgG from Mouse. This Goat IgG antibody is for IF, ICC, FCM. It is Affinity purified using solid phase Mouse IgG (H&L) with finally > 95% purity based on SDS-PAGE and conjugated to Dylight 649. The antibody is produced in goat by using as an immunogen Mouse IgG whole molecule

Goat Mouse IgG
A23610-05ml	Abbkine	0.5ml	EUR 224
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of Goat IgG from Mouse. This Goat IgG antibody is for IF, ICC, FCM. It is Affinity purified using solid phase Mouse IgG (H&L) with finally > 95% purity based on SDS-PAGE and conjugated to Dylight 649. The antibody is produced in goat by using as an immunogen Mouse IgG whole molecule

Goat Rabbit IgG
A23620-01ml	Abbkine	0.1ml	EUR 93
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of Goat IgG from Rabbit. This Goat IgG antibody is for IF, ICC, FCM. It is Affinity purified using solid phase Rabbit IgG (H&L) with finally > 95% purity based on SDS-PAGE and conjugated to Dylight 649. The antibody is produced in goat by using as an immunogen Rabbit IgG whole molecule

Goat Rabbit IgG
A23620-05ml	Abbkine	0.5ml	EUR 224
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of Goat IgG from Rabbit. This Goat IgG antibody is for IF, ICC, FCM. It is Affinity purified using solid phase Rabbit IgG (H&L) with finally > 95% purity based on SDS-PAGE and conjugated to Dylight 649. The antibody is produced in goat by using as an immunogen Rabbit IgG whole molecule

Rabbit Goat IgG
A23630-01ml	Abbkine	0.1ml	EUR 93
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of Goat IgG from Goat. This Goat IgG antibody is for IF, ICC, FCM. It is Affinity purified using solid phase Goat IgG (H&L) with finally > 95% purity based on SDS-PAGE and conjugated to Dylight 649. The antibody is produced in rabbit by using as an immunogen Goat IgG whole molecule

Rabbit Goat IgG
A23630-05ml	Abbkine	0.5ml	EUR 224
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of Goat IgG from Goat. This Goat IgG antibody is for IF, ICC, FCM. It is Affinity purified using solid phase Goat IgG (H&L) with finally > 95% purity based on SDS-PAGE and conjugated to Dylight 649. The antibody is produced in rabbit by using as an immunogen Goat IgG whole molecule

Goat Rat IgG
A23640-01ml	Abbkine	0.1ml	EUR 93
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of Goat Rat IgG from Rat. This Goat Rat IgG antibody is for IF, ICC, FCM. It is Affinity purified using solid phase Rat IgG (H&L) with finally > 95% purity based on SDS-PAGE and conjugated to Dylight 649. The antibody is produced in goat by using as an immunogen Rat IgG whole molecule

Goat Rat IgG
A23640-05ml	Abbkine	0.5ml	EUR 224
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of Goat Rat IgG from Rat. This Goat Rat IgG antibody is for IF, ICC, FCM. It is Affinity purified using solid phase Rat IgG (H&L) with finally > 95% purity based on SDS-PAGE and conjugated to Dylight 649. The antibody is produced in goat by using as an immunogen Rat IgG whole molecule

Goat Mouse IgG
A23710-01ml	Abbkine	0.1ml	EUR 93
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of Goat IgG from Mouse. This Goat IgG antibody is for IF, ICC, FCM. It is Affinity purified using solid phase Mouse IgG (H&L) with finally > 95% purity based on SDS-PAGE and conjugated to Dylight 680. The antibody is produced in goat by using as an immunogen Mouse IgG whole molecule

Goat Mouse IgG
A23710-05ml	Abbkine	0.5ml	EUR 224
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of Goat IgG from Mouse. This Goat IgG antibody is for IF, ICC, FCM. It is Affinity purified using solid phase Mouse IgG (H&L) with finally > 95% purity based on SDS-PAGE and conjugated to Dylight 680. The antibody is produced in goat by using as an immunogen Mouse IgG whole molecule

Goat Rabbit IgG
A23720-01ml	Abbkine	0.1ml	EUR 93
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of Goat IgG from Rabbit. This Goat IgG antibody is for IF, ICC, FCM. It is Affinity purified using solid phase Rabbit IgG (H&L) with finally > 95% purity based on SDS-PAGE and conjugated to Dylight 680. The antibody is produced in goat by using as an immunogen Rabbit IgG whole molecule

Goat Rabbit IgG
A23720-05ml	Abbkine	0.5ml	EUR 224
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of Goat IgG from Rabbit. This Goat IgG antibody is for IF, ICC, FCM. It is Affinity purified using solid phase Rabbit IgG (H&L) with finally > 95% purity based on SDS-PAGE and conjugated to Dylight 680. The antibody is produced in goat by using as an immunogen Rabbit IgG whole molecule

Goat Mouse IgG
A23910-01ml	Abbkine	0.1ml	EUR 93
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of Goat IgG from Mouse. This Goat IgG antibody is for IF, ICC, FCM. It is Affinity purified using solid phase Mouse IgG (H&L) with finally > 95% purity based on SDS-PAGE and conjugated to Dylight 800. The antibody is produced in goat by using as an immunogen Mouse IgG whole molecule

Goat Mouse IgG
A23910-05ml	Abbkine	0.5ml	EUR 224
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of Goat IgG from Mouse. This Goat IgG antibody is for IF, ICC, FCM. It is Affinity purified using solid phase Mouse IgG (H&L) with finally > 95% purity based on SDS-PAGE and conjugated to Dylight 800. The antibody is produced in goat by using as an immunogen Mouse IgG whole molecule

Goat Rabbit IgG
A23920-01ml	Abbkine	0.1ml	EUR 93
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of Goat IgG from Rabbit. This Goat IgG antibody is for IF, ICC, FCM. It is Affinity purified using solid phase Rabbit IgG (H&L) with finally > 95% purity based on SDS-PAGE and conjugated to Dylight 800. The antibody is produced in goat by using as an immunogen Rabbit IgG whole molecule

Goat Rabbit IgG
A23920-05ml	Abbkine	0.5ml	EUR 224
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of Goat IgG from Rabbit. This Goat IgG antibody is for IF, ICC, FCM. It is Affinity purified using solid phase Rabbit IgG (H&L) with finally > 95% purity based on SDS-PAGE and conjugated to Dylight 800. The antibody is produced in goat by using as an immunogen Rabbit IgG whole molecule

Donor Goat Sreum
F0604-050	GenDepot	500ml	EUR 151

Goat IgG Control
GT15900	Neuromics	1 mg	EUR 166

Goat IgG Antigen
IM117	Cygnus Technologies	1 ml	EUR 285
Description: Goat IgG Antigen by Cygnus Technologies is available in Europe via Gentaur.

UltraTek Anti-Goat
AGL008	ScyTek Laboratories	8 ml	EUR 79

UltraTek Anti-Goat
AGL015	ScyTek Laboratories	15 ml	EUR 96

UltraTek Anti-Goat
AGL125	ScyTek Laboratories	125 ml	EUR 208

UltraTek Anti-Goat
AGL250	ScyTek Laboratories	250 ml	EUR 356

Recombinant Goat TNFA
P0278	FN Test	100ug	EUR 522.36
Description: Recombinant Goat protein for TNFA

Goat chemerin ELI
QY-E140015	Qayee Biotechnology	96T	EUR 413

Goat(TGF-β)
QY-E140043	Qayee Biotechnology	96T	EUR 413

Goat specific Osteocalcin
QY-E140091	Qayee Biotechnology	96T	EUR 413

Goat Red Blood Cells
88R-G003	Fitzgerald	20 ml	EUR 273
Description: Glutaraldehyde-stabilized freshly prepared Goat Red Blood Cells

Goat anti Monkey IgA
70R-IG001	Fitzgerald	1 mg	EUR 360
Description: Goat anti Monkey IgA secondary antibody

Goat anti Pig IgA
70R-IG002	Fitzgerald	1 mg	EUR 176
Description: Affinity purified Goat anti Pig IgA antibody

Goat anti Pig IgM
70R-IG008	Fitzgerald	1 mg	EUR 241
Description: Affinity purified Goat anti Pig IgM antibody

Goat anti Rabbit IgM
70R-IG009	Fitzgerald	1 mg	EUR 165
Description: Goat Purifed Secondary Antibodies Goat anti Rabbit IgM antibody

Goat anti Monkey IgM
70R-IG010	Fitzgerald	1 mg	EUR 387
Description: Goat anti Monkey IgM secondary antibody

Goat anti Human IgE
70R-IG015	Fitzgerald	1 mg	EUR 349
Description: Affinity purified Goat anti Human IgE antibody

Goat Leptin ELISA Kit
ELA-E0084g	Lifescience Market	96 Tests	EUR 928

Goat Cortisol ELISA Kit
ELA-E0462g	Lifescience Market	96 Tests	EUR 928

Goat AMPK ELISA kit
ELA-E1671g	Lifescience Market	96 Tests	EUR 928

MAP28 ELISA Kit| Goat
EF012581	Lifescience Market	96 Tests	EUR 689

MAP34 ELISA Kit| Goat
EF012582	Lifescience Market	96 Tests	EUR 689

GBD1 ELISA Kit| Goat
EF012583	Lifescience Market	96 Tests	EUR 689

Goat acetone ELISA Kit
CN-00365S1	ChemNorm	96T	EUR 452

Goat acetone ELISA Kit
CN-00365S2	ChemNorm	48T	EUR 302

Control Immune Goat Serum
20R-CG007	Fitzgerald	500 ul	EUR 295
Description: Goat polyclonal Control Immune Goat Serum

Goat anti Mouse IgG1
20R-IG003	Fitzgerald	1 mg	EUR 219
Description: Goat anti Mouse IgG1 antibody

Goat anti Human IgM
70-B9022GA00-A0	Fitzgerald	5 mg	EUR 192
Description: Goat anti Human IgM antibody

Goat anti Canine IgE
70-IG84	Fitzgerald	1 mg	EUR 587
Description: Affinity purified Goat anti Canine IgE antibody

Goat anti Human IgG
70C-CR6047GAP	Fitzgerald	1 mg	EUR 149
Description: Affinity purified Goat anti Human IgG antibody

Goat IgG (Fc) (FITC)
65C-CH0505	Fitzgerald	1 mg	EUR 345
Description: Purified Goat IgG (Fc) FITC conjugate

Goat IgG (Fc) (HRP)
65C-CH0506	Fitzgerald	1 mg	EUR 384
Description: Purified Goat IgG (Fc) HRP conjugate

Goat IgG (Fab) (FITC)
65C-CH0511	Fitzgerald	1 mg	EUR 236
Description: Purified Goat IgG (Fab) FITC conjugate

Goat IgG (Fab) (HRP)
65C-CH0512	Fitzgerald	1 mg	EUR 283
Description: Purified Goat IgG (Fab) HRP conjugate

Goat Serum Albumin antibody
70R-15100	Fitzgerald	100 ug	EUR 327
Description: Rabbit polyclonal Goat Serum Albumin antibody

Goat anti Human IgA
20-B9001G000-S0	Fitzgerald	10 ml	EUR 133
Description: Goat anti Human IgA antibody

Goat anti Mouse IgG
20-B9015G000-S0	Fitzgerald	10 ml	EUR 133
Description: Goat anti Mouse IgG antibody

Goat anti Human IgM
20-B9022G000-S2	Fitzgerald	10 ml	EUR 133
Description: Goat anti Human IgM antibody

Goat anti Human IgA
20-S11030GND1-D	Fitzgerald	5 mg	EUR 192
Description: Goat anti Human IgA antibody

Goat anti Human IgA
20-S1103GND1-D0	Fitzgerald	10 ml	EUR 192
Description: Goat anti Human IgA antibody

Goat anti Human IgA
20-S1111G000-S4	Fitzgerald	10 ml	EUR 133
Description: Goat anti Human IgA antibody

Goat anti Human IgA
20-S1111G000-V0	Fitzgerald	10 ml	EUR 133
Description: Goat anti Human IgA antibody

Goat anti Human IgA
20-S1111GOOO-S4	Fitzgerald	10 ml	EUR 133
Description: Goat anti Human IgA antibody

Goat anti Human IgM
20-S1303GND1-D0	Fitzgerald	10 ml	EUR 192
Description: Goat anti Human IgM antibody

Goat anti Human IgM
20-S1304GA01	Fitzgerald	5 ml	EUR 138
Description: Goat anti Human IgM antibody

Goat anti Human IgM
20-S1311G000-S4	Fitzgerald	10 ml	EUR 133
Description: Goat anti Human IgM antibody

Most were machine operators (97%) who had worked in the forest industry for an average of 22.9 years. Most of the machines identified were manufactured within the past ten years (average age of machines 6.7 years). For machine operators, 10.5% (16) reported a diagnosis of MSD, 74.3% (113) reported at least mild back pain, and 71.7% (109) reported at least mild back pain. neck pain in the past year. Further analysis attempted to identify an association between personal attributes, machine use, posture, and pain.